1.        What is a phoneme?

A phoneme is a class of phonetically similar sounds that signals difference in meaning.

Phonemes are abstract, but they can be realized by their distinctive features (the realization of phonemes)

2.        Pengertian phoneme Menurut ahli 1 ?

3.        Phonemes of English have two segmentations (macam-macam phoneme)

a)        Segmental phonemes, for short, segmental. The segmentals comprise two major divisions or classes namely vowels and consonants.
 

b)        Suprasegmental phonemes, for short suprasegmentals. Suprasegmentals have been explained under the topic – the sentence. There are 12 suprasegmentals in English.

4.      What is a vowel?

The word vowel is from Old French vowel, from Latin vocalic, which means voiced.

5.      Vowel menurut ahli 1

6.      Vowel sounds are differentiated principally by two factors: (faktor vowel).

- The position of the tongue in the mouth - that is the tongue may be kept low in the mouth, or raised in varying degrees in the front towards the hard palate or in the back towards the soft palate, or raised centrally in the mouth.

- The shape of the lips – that is the lips may be rounded or spread, both in varying degree, or neutral (neither rounded nor spread, rather as when the mouth is relaxed). These lips features, which distinguish vowel qualities, any vary independently of the position and the height of the tongue when we pronounce a vowel sound (Robins, 1980: 74).

7.      12 vowels dan masing-masing vowel 2 contoh dan transcribe/cara baca.

 Gimson (1978:99-144) English has 12 vowels + 8 dipthongs

The vowels are /i:/, /I/, /e/, /æ/, /ʌ/, /ɑ/, /ɒ/, /ɔ:/, /ᴜ/, /ᴜ:/, /ɜ:/, /ə/

Robin (1980:74-76)English has 12 vowels, 8 diphthongs, and 3 triphthongs

  The vowels are /i/, /i:/, /u/, /u:/, /e/, /æ/, /ɑ/, /ɔ/, /ɔ:/, /ʌ/, /ə/, /ə:/

8.     Macam-macam common spelling /ɪ/

1.  Regular

  city, sit, fit

2.  Weakly stressed Prefixes and Suffixes

become, remain

3.  Inflected Forms

cities, carried

4.  Exceptional words

  busy, business,

The Spelling of /i:/ contoh masing” 2 dan trancibe/cara bacanya. regular, Weakly stressed Prefixes and Suffixes, Inflected Forms, Exceptional words

The Spelling of /a//^/ /e//ə//u//u:/ /ɔ/ /ɔ:/

Yg dibuku cetak pelajari saja. Pengertian syllables , 2 contoh, transcribe/cara baca. dll